The Rak (Crayfish) is Poland's indigenous self-propelled 120mm mortar system developed by HSW and PCO, mounted on a modified BWP-1 (BMP-1) tracked chassis. It features an automated turret with the 120mm smoothbore mortar, computerised fire control with inertial navigation, and can fire standard and rocket-assisted projectiles to 12+ km range. Rate of fire is 6-10 rounds/minute. The automated loading system allows the crew of 4 to operate entirely under armour. Poland operates the Rak in battalion mortar batteries as organic direct support, replacing towed 120mm mortars. A future variant on the Borsuk chassis is planned for improved commonality.
![Huta Stalowa Wola logo](data:image/svg+xml;utf8,<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="200" height="60" viewBox="0 0 200 60"><rect width="200" height="60" fill="%23111"/><text x="100" y="38" font-family="Arial" font-weight="bold" font-size="12" fill="%23c8a84b" text-anchor="middle">HUTA STALOWA WOLA</text></svg>)
- Automated 120mm mortar provides rapid indirect fire support at battalion level
- Armoured hull allows crew to operate under fire without dismounting
- High rate of fire (6-10 rds/min) for mortar class — superior to towed equivalents
- Organic fire support without dependence on divisional artillery
- 120mm calibre has shorter maximum range (12 km) than 155mm howitzers
- Based on aging BWP-1 (BMP-1) chassis — future Borsuk variant planned
- Limited HE effect per round compared to 155mm artillery
- Ammunition family less diverse than 155mm range
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SIGN INThe vertical launch capacity here provides mission flexibility that single-role warships simply cannot match.
Protection level against contemporary ATGM threats is the defining metric here, and these figures hold up well.